a. Edith Wharton and Henry James-- There would always be an international theme (transatlantic theme) in their works which innocent upper-class girls encounter European culture shock and it may lead to down fall or death eventually; however, the girls would regard those bad endings as their free-will because they chose their choice.
* Upper-class people (privileged) don't need to have a real work. A gentleman or a lady can be their career.
** Middle-class people always use their profession to make money.
*** Working-class as labours use their physical strength to work hard but they can only get low wages.
social classb. Naturalism always put emphasis on discussing dark side of the society such as heredity and social environment.
c. Literary Realism-- Authors describe the objective reality. However, although we call it "objective", they would only depict one dimension of the reality.
d. Segregation-- It is separation of humans into racial groups in daily life. It may apply to activities such as eating in a restaurant, drinking from a water fountain, using a public toilet, attending school, going to the movies, riding on a bus, or in the rental or purchase of a home.
e. The period during 1865-1914 was a Gilded Age because many things were built up already and the system were almost complete thanks to the Romantic period. (on PDF P.173 )
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B. Quiz Discussion and Overview 1914-1945
a. Modernism was effected by French Symbolist.
b. Robert Frost-- He is the classic type of American which doesn't influence by French Symbolist.
* "The Road Not Taken" (poem)-- on textbook P.1919
** "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" (poem)
"My little horse must think it queer
To stop without a farmhouse near
Between the woods and frozen lake
The darkest evening of the year."
>> The "queer" here is not gay. It means wired an strange.
c. Wallace Stevens-- His work was meditative and philosophical, is very much a poet of ideas.
* "Anecdote of the Jar" (poem)
"I placed a jar in Tennessee,
And round it was, upon a hill.
It made the slovenly wilderness
Surround that hill.
The wilderness rose up to it,
And sprawled around, no longer wild.
The jar was round upon the ground
And tall and of a port in air.
It took dominion everywhere.
The jar was gray and bare.
It did not give of bird or bush,
Like nothing else in Tennessee."
>> Anecdote is a sort of story with awareness.
>> He felt like "nothing else in Tennessee" because he got his own imagination .
>> This poem depicts the contemplation of beauty
-- John Keats' "Ode on a Grecian Urn" (poem)
"In Tempe or the dales of Arcady?
What men or gods are these? What maidens loth?
What mad pursuit? What struggle to escape?
What pipes and timbrels? What wild ecstasy?"
"And, happy melodist, unwearied,
For ever piping songs for ever new;More happy love! more happy, happy love!
For ever warm and still to be enjoy'd,
For ever panting, and for ever young;"
"Than ours, a friend to man, to whom thou say'st,
'Beauty is truth, truth beauty,—that is all
Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.'"
>> "In Tempe or the dales of Arcady?"-- free association.
>> "Beauty is truth, truth beauty"-- It's also the contemplation of beauty.
* "Sunday Morning" (poem)-- on textbook P.1954
>> "hush"-- The author heard the old and holy call-out.
>> "old catastrophe"-- Jews killed Jesus Christ.
>> "procession of the dead"
>> "wide water without sound"-- It represents the Jesus' followers cuz most of them were from working class such as fisherman.
>> "dreaming feet"-- the thriving of the stream of consciousness
>> This poem is about the modernists' viewpoints on the bankrupt (ruin) of spiritual civilization.
-- "The Journey of the Magi" (poem)
>> Bibical Magi-- a group of distinguished foreigners who visited Jesus after his birth, bearing gifts of gold,frankincense and myrrh.
>> "worst time of the year"-- Because it is hard to travel at the moment. (All the Jews should go back to their hometown for applying their resident permit.)
>> "folly"-- It means foolish actually.
>> "at an open door dicing for pieces of silver"-- (Green one ) When the Jesus was stuck on the cross, three soldiers were rolling the dice for choosing a person who can get his nice robe. (Blue one) Judas betrayed Jesus for 30 silver coins. (Kissing is the signal of rebellion.)
>> "empty wine-skins"-- The first miracle that Jesus created was turned the water to wine.
>> "Birth or Death"-- No matter it's birth or death, we will face the death eventually anyway.
>> This poem describes the fragmentation to the religious civilization.
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C. Christmas Song for Sharing
"Let It Snow" (lyrics)
* The ending rhyme scheme here-- "ful", "ow", and "ing"
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D. Vocabulary
a. tariff-- a charge or list of charges either for services or on goods entering a country
b. treaty-- a written agreement between countries, formally approved and signed by their leaders
c. wages-- a fixed amount of money that is paid, usually every week, to an employee, especially one who does work that needs physical skills or strength
d. malpractice-- "Mal" stands for negative meaning. "Practice" would be used as the meaning of "執業" on business English.
e. segregation-- "Se" stands for apart from such as separate.
f. amendment-- just like adjustment but used on law
g. immigrant-- "Ant" stands for human such as protestant and accountant.
-- "The Journey of the Magi" (poem)
>> Bibical Magi-- a group of distinguished foreigners who visited Jesus after his birth, bearing gifts of gold,frankincense and myrrh.
>> "worst time of the year"-- Because it is hard to travel at the moment. (All the Jews should go back to their hometown for applying their resident permit.)
>> "folly"-- It means foolish actually.
>> "at an open door dicing for pieces of silver"-- (Green one ) When the Jesus was stuck on the cross, three soldiers were rolling the dice for choosing a person who can get his nice robe. (Blue one) Judas betrayed Jesus for 30 silver coins. (Kissing is the signal of rebellion.)
>> "empty wine-skins"-- The first miracle that Jesus created was turned the water to wine.
>> "Birth or Death"-- No matter it's birth or death, we will face the death eventually anyway.
>> This poem describes the fragmentation to the religious civilization.
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C. Christmas Song for Sharing
"Let It Snow" (lyrics)
* The ending rhyme scheme here-- "ful", "ow", and "ing"
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D. Vocabulary
a. tariff-- a charge or list of charges either for services or on goods entering a country
b. treaty-- a written agreement between countries, formally approved and signed by their leaders
c. wages-- a fixed amount of money that is paid, usually every week, to an employee, especially one who does work that needs physical skills or strength
d. malpractice-- "Mal" stands for negative meaning. "Practice" would be used as the meaning of "執業" on business English.
e. segregation-- "Se" stands for apart from such as separate.
f. amendment-- just like adjustment but used on law
g. immigrant-- "Ant" stands for human such as protestant and accountant.
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